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ovel by Upton Sinclair, published privately by Sinclair in 1906 after commercial
publishers refused the manuscript. The most famous, influential, and
enduring of all muckracking novels, The Jungle was an expose of
conditions in the Chicago stockyards, where Sinclair was sent by the socialist weekly Appeal to Reason to investigate working conditions in the meatpacking industry. Though his chief goal was to expose abusive labor conditions, the public was most horrified by his descriptions of the appalling filth of the processing plants and the
actual ingredients of processed meats. The novel provided the final impetus for passage of the U.S. Pure Food and Drug Act and led to improved working conditions in the slaughterhouses.
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